Turkmenistan – a Neutral State in a Landlocked Region
2025-12-15
Introduction In today’s rapidly changing world, where global leadership structures are evolving, new centers of influence are emerging, and growing uncertainties are reshaping international relations, one small Central Asian country, formerly part of the Soviet Union, chose nearly thirty years ago to follow a path of neutrality, and has consistently upheld this course ever since.
500th anniversary of Battle of Mohács – 1526-2026
2025-12-15
With the Battle of Mohács the medieval Kingdom of Hungary partly collapsed. After that, under the reign of the Habsburgs – unlike, for instance the Czech and Polish states – the Kingdom of Hungary retained its independence, but was unable to act as an independent foreign policy maker until 1918. The 500th anniversary of the
Baku Conference 1926-2026
2025-12-03
The idea of cooperation between Turkic peoples and the establishment and deepening of cultural and political relations is not a new concept on the international stage. The role of Hungarian Oriental studies in this process – especially in the development of Turkology as a discipline – is also relatively well known. Another issue – and
Uzbekistan’s Opening to Europe: The Diplomatic and Geopolitical Significance of President Mirziyoyev’s Visit to Belgium
2025-10-27
President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s official visit to Belgium in October 2025 represents a milestone in Uzbekistan’s diversifying foreign policy and its broader relations with Europe. The main purpose of the visit is the signing of the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA) between Uzbekistan and the European Union, holds broader regional and strategic implications beyond the
The Black Sea Submarine Cable: Powering Europe’s Green Future from the Caspian to the EU
2025-10-13
As Europe races to decarbonize its energy system and sever its dependence on Russian fossil fuels, a transformative infrastructure project is quietly taking shape beneath the waves of the Black Sea. The Black Sea Submarine Cable (BSSC) — a joint effort led by Azerbaijan, Georgia, Romania, Hungary, and supported by the European Union — is
Zangezur Corridor and Washington Agreement: New Chances for the South Caucasus
2025-10-08
The South Caucasus is entering a new and perhaps decisive phase in its development. For more than three decades, the region was known for unresolved conflicts, economic isolation, and fragile ceasefires. Attempts to achieve peace – such as the OSCE Minsk Group process with its “Madrid Principles” of 2007, or the Russian-brokered talks after the